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MS&T
'04 will include the following symposia which have
been developed to present both practical and theoretical accomplishments
advancing both scientific understanding and industrial progress.
ALL-CONFERENCE
OPENING PLENARY PRESENTATION: "Creating
Customer Value—A Prescription for the Steel Industry"
by James W. Griffith
Monday, September 27, 2004 • 8:30 AM-9:15 AM
Don’t call 911. The patient is the U.S. steel
industry and it’s in critical condition. We are familiar with
the obvious symptoms (structural excess capacity, low cost imports,
legacy costs, etc.) of an industry in crisis. Underlying these symptoms
is a more serious disease; the loss of market share due to the substitution
of other materials such as plastics or aluminum. Curing the ills
of the steel industry will involve a complex treatment, one that
must include the development of products that create real customer
value. But don’t call 911. Call the customer instead.
 James
W. Griffith has had extensive experience
in manufacturing, international business and strategic management
during his career with The Timken Company. Since joining the company
in 1984, he has held positions as plant manager and vice president-
manufacturing in North America and managing director of the company’s
business in Australia. From 1996 to 1999, he led the automotive
business in North America and had regional responsibility for the
company’s businesses in Asia and Latin America. He had additional
responsibility for the company’s rail business from 1996 to
1998. Mr. Griffith was elected president and chief operating officer
and a director in 1999 and was elected chief executive officer in
2002. Prior to joining The Timken Company, Mr. Griffith held engineering
and management positions at Homestake Mining Company, Bunker Hill
Company and Martin Marietta. Mr. Griffith is a native of Wallace,
Idaho. He received a bachelor’s degree in industrial engineering
and an MBA from Stanford University. He is a member of the board
of trustees of the United Way of Central Stark County, a member
of the executive committee and board of trustees of the Manufacturers
Alliance/MAPI and a member of the board of directors of Goodrich
Corporation.
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3-Dimensional Materials Science
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division
In recent years, significant cant advances have been made in materials
characterization, representation, and modeling. In particular,
serial sectioning techniques and X-ray microtomography methods
have been increasingly used to probe the 3-D microstructures of
advanced materials such as structural foams, metallic and nonmetallic
composites, and ferrous and non-ferrous alloys. These
newer experimental techniques have had a powerful influence
on the rapidly advancing field of computational materials science,
where microstructural data can be input into models to gain new
insight into deformation, processing, and phase transformations
in these complex multi-phase materials systems. Computerization
brings to the forefront a new problem, that of mathematical
representation and manipulation of the data sets. An additional
emphasis of the symposium will therefore be the development of
methods for microstructural representation that will allow rapid
diffusion of data throughout the materials science community,
provide for automated data generation and handling and to
allow for machine based decision making from microstructural
information. This symposium is the third of a series of annual
TMS symposia focusing on 3-dimensional aspects of materials
science and its associated problems. It
intends to bring together experimentalists and
computational materials scientists with experts
in 3-D techniques, virtual reality and advanced
computer graphics, and representation. From
this, it is intended to build a common basis for
research topics that is truly interdisciplinary.
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Advancements in Mechanical Property
Characterization at the Micro- and Nano-Scale
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division
The intent of this symposium is to highlight the current state-of-the-
art for mechanical property characterization of ultra-small
volumes of materials, specifically where the feature dimension
overlaps with fundamental material length scales controlling
physical properties. Recent advancements in micro-fabrication
methods, micro-manipulation technologies, and mechanical
testing instrumentation provide strategies for direct measurement
of micron scale material volumes. This symposium focus is
motivated by the continued development of technologies utilizing
structural materials with micron-size dimensions (such as MEMS
devices), the growing need for characterization methods to
measure fundamental physical properties on micro-size volumes
(potentially for combinatorial/rapid property evaluation programs),
and the continuing scientific interest in the dimensional scaling
effects on deformation processes.
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Applications of Orientation Microscopy
Techniques to Phase Transformations
Sponsored by: TMS Materials
Processing and Manufacturing Division—Phase Transformations
Committee
Recent advances in techniques that determine (by x-ray
or electron diffraction) the distribution and crystallographic
orientation of phases within a material have greatly enhanced
the ability to correlate microstructural phase distributions with
their crystallography. This symposium focuses on the application
of these techniques to advance the understanding of phase
transformations, including solidification, precipitation, eutectoid
decomposition, martensite formation and tempering, and massive
transformations. Studies dealing only with recrystallization and
other single phase microstructures are outside the scope of this
symposium.
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Computational Microstructure
Evolution in Steel
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials
Division—Chemistry and Physics of Materials Committee, and
Computational Materials Science and Engineering Committee
A wide spectrum of computational methods is being developed to
study the evolution of microstructures during thermo-mechanical
treatment. This symposium will survey the state of the art
computational modeling of microstructure evolution in steels.
Topics include, but are not limited to, the study of deformation,
recrystallization, grain growth, phase transformation and
precipitation processes during manufacturing and application
of steel using any computational approach from the atomic to
the continuum scale. Of particular interest are presentations
that focus on meso- or micro-scale modeling. Authors have the
option to submit a paper for publication in a special edition of
Computational Materials Science.
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Continuous Casting Fundamentals
Sponsored by: AIST Divisions VI & VII;
MS Solidification Committee and Process Modeling
Analysis and Control Committee
Process technology advances are often based on improved
knowledge of the underlying fundamentals gained through plant
trials, laboratory experiments, and computations. This symposium
intends to bring together researchers, engineers, operators,
and suppliers from industry and academia to discuss recent
fundamental and technological developments in the continuous
casting of steel and other metal products.
Topics include all aspects of continuous casting, including, but not
limited to: clean steel technologies, metal delivery systems, nozzle
and refractory design, mold powders, clogging, fluid flow, cooling,
containment and control systems, solidification, oscillation
practices, mold design, metallurgy, quality monitoring, and
defect prevention. Papers to be presented include mechanisms,
detection, and control of surface defects, inclusions, internal
cracks, segregation, microstructure, and shape changes that arise
during the continuous casting of billets, blooms, slabs, thin slabs,
strip, and other shapes.
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Development and Application
of Hot Rolled Flat Products
Sponsored by: AIST Divisions V, VI & VII
Hot rolled flat steel products find wide use in structural, pipe,
tubing, and formed applications, and there is a continuing effort
to convert cold roll applications to hot roll. Papers to be presented
regard recent advancements in the control of microstructure and
mechanical properties, as well as dimensions and surface quality,
to meet the demands of final applications. Topics may include
high strength, formability, weldability, dimensions and shape,
scale and surface quality.
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Engineered Steel Surfaces
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI; TMS Corrosion and
Environmental Effects Committee
A broad spectrum of engineered surfaces and surface treatments
can be applied to steel systems to achieve unique properties that
are not obtainable via conventional finish processing methods.
Surface treatments can be designed to improve product service
performance and life, reduce friction in manufacturing, or increase
aesthetic appeal. The selection of an appropriate engineered
surface depends highly on the steel product category and
application. For example, sheet steels are often coated for lubricity
or to accept paint. Gear or bearing steels may be carburized to
improve fatigue and coated to reduce wear, friction or chemical
attack. Papers by authors that work with any variety of steel
product type will be presented in the areas of: development
and application of the surface treatment to the steel substrate,
characterization of engineered surface systems, and performance
evaluation of engineered surface systems.
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General Abstracts
Sponsored by: AIST; TMS
development fields are rich with exciting technology. General
abstracts on steels, steel processing, and steel products will be
presented. Some examples might include papers on the manufacture
or implementation of long products, sheet or plate products, ferrous
physical metallurgy, steel process or product modeling, rolling
technologies, roll materials and design technology, etc. The TMS
Program Committee will present research as part of its most extensive
program of general abstract sessions ever in an effort to present
a more comprehensive view of current work being carried on in materials
science research, particularly new and emerging technologies and
techniques.
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General Poster
Session
Sponsored by: AIST; TMS
Content to be determined.
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High Strain Rate Deformation and
Deformation Mechanisms of Structural Steels
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
High strain rate behavior of structural steels is considered
relevant to crash worthiness of automotive steels, ballistic armor,
and manufacturing of steel components (both at ambient and elevated
temperatures). Papers will be presented in the area of high strain
rate deformation of structural steels with special emphasis on the
characterization of deformation properties and mechanisms high strain
rate deformation. For this symposium, high strain rates are considered
to be greater than 1 × 102.
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Intellectual Property Fundamentals
for Materials Scientists and Managers
Sponsored by: TMS
This symposium will present a range of intellectual property
matters of interest to practitioners in the materials field. Specific
topics to be presented include: Patent basics; How to get a patent;
Licensing and tech transfer; Tips and anecdotes from a patent
examiner; Patent disputes—litigation and arbitration; Technical
experts and witnesses in litigation; A judge’s view of patent cases;
Trademark fundamentals.
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Materials Damage Prognosis
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division
This symposium will highlight scientific tools and approaches for
development of a comprehensive damage prognosis technology
for materials. The objective of such a prognosis capability is to
enable continual assessment and prediction of the current and
future health of materials in complex mechanical systems or
subsystems, such as a turbine engine, helicopter drive train,
or aircraft. The ultimate goal is the development of quantitative
models that relate a system’s-level structural response to
material’s-level microstructural conditions and events. Areas of
emphasis include: (1) methods for in-situ interrogation of the
damage state of a material, such as that from fatigue and/or
creep, (2) physically-based models of the formation and growth
of material damage under realistic loading, and (3) coupled state awareness
and life models, including probabilistic and uncertainty
approaches. The symposium is expected to attract participants
from diverse but interdependent disciplines including materials
science, mechanical engineering, mechanics, and physics, and
electrical engineering.
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Mechanical Behavior of Body-Centered-Cubic
(BCC) Metals and Alloys
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division —
Mechanical Behavior of Materials Committee,
Refractory Metals Committee, & Structural Materials Committee
This symposium will address the mechanical behavior of
body-centered-cubic (BCC) metals and alloys. The objective
of the symposium is to provide a forum for discussion between
researchers from broad backgrounds on the mechanical behavior
(including static, dynamic, and time dependent), constitutive
modeling, and model validation of BCC-structured metals and
alloys. Papers relating the chemistry, processing, microstructure,
and loading variables to the macroscopic performance are of
particular interest.
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Modeling and Computer Applications in Metal
Casting, Shaping & Forming Processes
Sponsored by: AIST Divisions
VI & VII; TMS Extraction and Processing Division, Materials
Processing and Manufacturing Division—Process Modeling Analysis
and Control Committee, Shaping and Forming Committee, Solidification
Committee, and Computational Materials Science and Engineering Committee
This symposium intends to bring researchers and engineers
together from industry and academia to discuss recent
fundamental and technological developments in the manufacturing
of ferrous and non-ferrous products, obtained from computer
applications including numerical modeling of thermal, mechanical
and metallurgical phenomena. Work will feature simulation,
optimization, and on-line control of both current and novel
processes to improve quality in the casting, rolling, shaping and
forming of long metal products.
Specific topics include, but are not limited to: 1) Continuous
casting processes; 2) Casting of ingots and complex shapes;
3) Rolling, radial forging, cogging, and other manufacturing
processes for long products; 4) Piercing, elongating, planetary
rolling, reducing, stretch reducing, rotary sizing, straightening, and
other manufacturing processes for tube products; 5) Controlled
thermo-mechanical processing to obtain desired grain sizes,
microstructures and mechanical properties in metal products;
6) Optimization of processes to produce defect free products;
7) Material property characterization to improve computational
analysis programs, such as flow stress models, metallurgical
models, etc.
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Pb-Free and Pb-Bearing Solders
Sponsored by: TMS Electronic, Magnetic
and Photonic Materials Division—Electronic Packaging and Interconnection
Materials Committee
This symposium will be aimed at providing a forum for exchange of
ideas and recent findings in the currently popular field of electronic
solders. It will consist of invited and contributed papers from
leading research groups in the universities, national laboratories
and industrial manufacturing facilities in the U.S. and abroad.
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Precipitation
in Steels—Physical Metallurgy and Property Development
Sponsored by: AIST Divisions V & VI
Development of the appropriate microstructure is fundamental in
the design of modern steels with desired mechanical properties
for a given application. A factor playing a critical role in this
development is the precipitation of desired or undesired species
throughout the material’s processing stages. This symposium
is aimed to revise the classical theory and examine new
developments on the role of precipitation phenomena in the
Processing/Property/Performance relationships of steels. Papers
focusing on the fundamental metallurgy of the effect of ferritic
or austenitic precipitation on the material mechanical properties
such as strength, toughness, ductility, formability and weldability
will be presented. Papers delineating the difference between the
mere presence of precipitates and precipitation hardening are of
particular interest to be presented. Emphasis should be placed on
novel approaches to understanding, analyzing and/or exploiting
precipitation in sheet products (e.g., ultra-low carbon, bakehardenable,
HSLA, motor-lamination and enameling steels), or
plate products (e.g., linepipe, structural, off-highway vehicles, etc.)
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Primary Operations and Product Quality
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
Product quality can be significantly affected by the distribution
of non-metallic inclusions inherited from liquid steel processing,
the chemical segregation during solidification, the dimensions
established during solidification, and by mechanical disturbances
after solidification. Papers will be presented on operational
techniques to improve quality, improved methods to measure
quality in the semi-finished state, novel investigations into specific
issues, or general schemes for investigation and classification
Scientific as well as plant level papers regarding the effect of
slags, refractories, steel chemistry, and equipment as well as the
interaction with down-stream operations are included.
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Product Application and Development
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
New or improved steel products are frequently designed either in
direct partnership with customers, or to address a market need
for a customers segment. Development of products, which meet
application demands, requires interaction between raw material
and equipment suppliers, mill/engineering activities, research
and development, marketing and customers. Technological
development is accelerated when customer needs are well
understood and the customer is actively engaged. Papers will be
presented in the areas of successful product development across
a broad range of products. Co-Authorship between customer and
supplier is desired, but not required. Examples could include,
but are not limited to: university or national lab partnerships with
industry, development and application of bar products for forged
and heat treated components, development and application of
automotive fl at rolled products, development and application of
weldable plate steels, development and application of ferrous
based aerospace alloys.
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Rhenium and Rhenium Containing Alloys
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials
Division—Refractory Metals Committee
This symposium will provide a forum to discuss all aspects
of rhenium and rhenium-containing alloys from extraction to
purification, and includes powders, consolidation, processing, and
applications. Of further interest are various alloys with the addition
of rhenium, and will include nickel-based superalloys. The focus of symposia is to gain a greater understanding of rhenium and its
various forms.
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Roll Technology
Sponsored by: AIST Division V
Papers to be presented include that discuss the following topics:
innovation in roll manufacturing and roll testing, roll maintenance
and inspection practices, roll use in the ferrous and non-ferrous
industries, roll performance improvements and relationship
between rolls and product attributes (profile, flatness, surface
etc.).
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The Accelerated Implementation
of Materials & Processes
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials
Division—Chemistry and Physics of Materials Committee, Computational
Materials Science and Engineering Committee; ASM/MSCTS—Thermodynamics
and Phase Equilibria Committee
Emerging efforts in materials modeling are leading to incremental
improvements in specific areas, (e.g., materials processing and
mechanical behavior.) There is growing belief that the time scale
between development of a new material and its implementation
into production can be significantly shortened only through a
revolutionary change in materials-development methodologies,
which builds on such materials modeling. The resulting payoff
will be a substantial reduction in the time required for the
development of cost-competitive automotive and aerospace
systems with higher performance and greater fuel efficiency. This
is to be accomplished by using the required technical content and
fidelity of the “designer knowledge base” to drive the optimized
development/use of models and experiments.
Critical to this effort will be understanding how to effectively
use materials models, link them across various length and time
scales and couple them with experiments to yield the appropriate
information for the designer. In addition, methodologies to
warrant the contents of the designer knowledge base against the
uncertainties inherent in materials processing, characterization
and testing must be developed. This symposium offers a view
of approaches toward accelerated implementations of materials,
and key technical limitations needing attention. Six sessions are
anticipated with a number of invited speakers for each session.
Topics of relevance include, but not limited to: Strategic development decisions for all materials, Development and reduction of insertion risk for,
new materials, Improvement of workflow and productivity
through digitization, Enhanced linkage of materials to design and
customer requirements, Assessment and quantification of key uncertainty sources
in materials processing, characterization and testing.
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The Effects of Microstructure and Property
Homogeneity/Variability on Product
Performance
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
The supply of steels with more and more homogeneous
(consistent) mechanical properties is becoming a main demand
in steel industry. This implies the achievement of some minimum
homogeneity both at macroscopic and microscopic scale in the
microstructural parameters affecting mechanical behavior. Papers
that cover aspects related to chemistry and process parameters for
developing routes to achieve the aforementioned objectives will be
presented. Property and microstructural homogeneity/variability
papers will be presented for all product types and applications.
Specific sessions are targeted in the areas of automotive flat
rolled products and bar stock for forged components.
Long Products and Forged Components
Reduction of product variability for long products is critical both
from a final property and processing consistency standpoint.
Because of the complicated or variant cooling rate cross sections
experienced in many long products and forgings, homogeneity
must be addressed both in the cross sectional or part design
as well as throughout the manufacturing process. Papers will
be presented that address process controls from chemistry
to final forgings to reduce variability both microscopically and
macroscopically, or that discuss innovative ways to reduce the
effects of chemistry and processing variability on final product
properties. Papers will also be presented which address the
effect(s) of homogeneity on downstream processing, or end
product performance.
Flat Rolled Automotive Steels
Several factors contribute towards a robust (i.e., near-zero
rejection rate) automotive stamping process. One factor is the
consistency of the sheet steel products, not only in terms of the
mechanical properties, but also the coating weight and structure,
surface texture and lubrication. Another factor is the die design,
for example, to control springback in high-strength steels. Papers
that address the following topics will be presented in these
technical sessions: relationships between mechanical properties
and steel processing (including chemistry effects), performance
characteristics (e.g., springback, hole expansion) of various
high-strength steel grades, effects of coating structures, surface
textures and lubrication on formability and stamping behavior,
effect of post treatments, and developments in die design aimed
at stamping new high-strength grades.
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Third International Symposium
on Railroad Tank Cars
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
This symposium will include presentations on developments
and trends in railroad tank car technology. The focus will be on
where the industry is heading with respect to design, materials,
fabrication, and inspection of tank cars. Topics include ferrous and
welding metallurgy, weldability, damage tolerance, inspection,
new materials and manufacturing methods.
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Titanium for Healthcare, Biomedical,
and Dental Applications
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division—Titanium
Committee, Corrosion and Environmental Effects Committee;
The Japan Institute of Metals (JIM)
In addition to the aerospace,
automotive, and sports and recreation industries, uses of titanium
and its alloys are expanding within the biomedical industry due
to its exceptional properties and biocompatibility. This symposium
will address uses of titanium for biomedical, dental, and healthcare
applications. Papers will address such uses of titanium, and investigations
relating processing, microstructure, properties, and behavior of
titanium and titanium alloys, including beta, alpha + beta, intermetallic
alloys as well as titanium matrix composites will be applicable.
In addition, titanium used at the interface of biomedical components
will be addressed.
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Use of Bainitic and Bainitic-Martensitic Steels
in Current or Developing Applications
Sponsored by: AIST Division VI
Recent developments on the heat treatment of steels for bearing
and other wear resistant parts have shown interesting properties
associated with bainitic and bainitic-martensitic structures.
Similarly, bainitic steels are being considered for power generation
service at elevated temperature or cyclically loaded components.
Conventional austempering, sub-Ms isothermal and multiple
temperature isothermal heat treatments are being tried and tested
against conventional quench and temper heat treatments. Papers
to be presented deal with the structure and properties of steels as
related to novel heat treatment procedures leading to bainitic and
bainitic martensitic structures both on the surface and in the bulk,
and mechanical components subject to severe service conditions.
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