Division Luncheon Lectures
Plan to attend some of these special lectures and luncheon events during TMS2020.
Structural Materials Division Luncheon
Speaker: Ricardo Lebensohn, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Lecture Title: "How Modelers Are Keeping up with Emerging Materials Characterization and Data Analytics Techniques"
Date: Monday, February 24
Time: 1:00 p.m. to 2:30 p.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 6B
About the Presentation
In this talk, Lebensohn will introduce recent advances coming out from the mechanics of materials community for the analysis of the micromechanical response and microstructure evolution of polycrystalline materials in three dimensions. This class of spectral methods provides a dramatic increase in numerical efficiency compared with pre-existing formulations. Moreover, owing to its image-processing lineage, these methods can use direct input from and/or their output directly compared with large voxelized microstructural datasets measured on deformed polycrystals. The development of this kind of numerical tool is crucial to keep up from a modeling point of view with the spectacular advances in in-situ 3-D characterization techniques taking place in, e.g., large experimental facilities, and, to a certain extent, to improve the data reconstruction process of these measurements. These methods are also ideally suited to complement novel data analytics applications to material science problems, in which high-fidelity/high-throughput material models are indispensable to populate/extrapolate the phase space of microstructure/mechanical response, to find reduced-order models representative of the material’s mechanical behavior.
About the Speaker
Ricardo Lebensohn (Ph.D. in Physics, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina, 1993) is a senior scientist of Los Alamos National Laboratory’s Theoretical Division, Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group. He is an expert in structure/property relationships and crystal plasticity modelling. His original contributions in terms of widespread materials modelling and simulation tools include the viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) formulation, a homogenization-based crystal plasticity method and computer code for the prediction of mechanical response, anisotropy and microstructure evolution of polycrystalline materials, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based codes, for efficient prediction of micromechanical fields in polycrystalline aggregates. FFT-based codes are ideally suited for simulations with direct input from microstructural images collected by emerging 3-D materials characterization methods. Lebensohn has published more than 140 peer-reviewed journal papers. Among several distinctions, in 2010 he received Germany’s Humboldt Research Award for Senior U.S. Scientists for "pioneering work in the field of multiscale modelling of plasticity of crystalline materials." In 2011, he was awarded, as part of a team, the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)’s Defense Programs Award of Excellence, “in recognition of significant achievements in quality, productivity, cost savings, safety, or creativity in support of NNSA’s programs.” In 2019, he received the TMS Structural Materials Division Distinguished Scientist/Engineer Award, for “long lasting contribution to the fundamental understanding of microstructure, properties and performance of structural materials for industrial applications.” Since 2011, Lebensohn has been a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Plasticity.
Extraction & Processing Division/Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division/PbZn2020 Luncheon
Speaker: Markus Reuter, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology
Lecture Title: "Process Metallurgy as a Key Enabler of the Circular Economy: Digital Twinning of the Resource and Processing System"
Date: Tuesday, February 25
Time: Noon to 2:00 p.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 6B
About the Presentation
Process metallurgy is a key enabler of the Circular Economy (CE) of circular cities and society in general. Therefore, metallurgical simulation and evaluation of the resource efficiency of these systems are of key importance. Its fundamental value must be quantified with the tools of our industry to show its central enabling role. We will show the present simulation-based state-of-the-art approach to understand the resource efficiency of large circular systems. We integrate metallurgical process simulation platforms with water and energy production systems while estimating environmental footprint as well as exergy destruction. Various industrial examples will illustrate this digital twinning with a focus on base metals but also on all materials i.e. from steel to plastics and composites as well as added manufactured modules, which are integrated in complex products in PV cells, mobile phones etc. It will be shown how one can start to estimate the effect and limits of consumption while focusing on the criticality of the metallurgical infrastructure to maximize resource efficiency in a circular society. The role of consumer models as well as policy will be touched on, and we will show the recycling index of products we developed based on the discussed approach. In summary, the integration of digital simulation tools will provide consumers with the systemic-based information to decide on their consumption patterns, suggest where we as a society have to throttle consumption to a level at which we can survive, and suggests and advises which materials and products should not be consumed due to a too-high destruction of exergy in the CE system.
About the Speaker
Markus Reuter is director at Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology. Prior to holding this position, Reuter was chief technologist, Ausmelt Australia and director of technology management, Outotec Australia and Finland. He also worked at Mintek & Anglo American Corporation in South Africa. In addition, he has served as a professor at TU Delft in the Netherlands, has held honorary and adjunct professorships at TU BAF Freiberg in Germany, at Aalto University in Finland, at Central South University in China, and at Melbourne University and Curtin University Perth in Australia.
He holds honorary doctorates from the University of Liège in Belgium and the University of Stellenbosch in South Africa; D.Eng. & Ph.D. degrees from Stellenbosch University, and a Dr. habil. from RWTH Aachen in Germany. His recent awards include the 2016 TMS Extraction & Processing Division Distinguished Lecture Award.
His research and industrial interests include process metallurgy, system engineering, process design, optimization and simulation, recycling and design for recycling—all in the context of sustainability and the circular economy paradigm.
Light Metals Division Luncheon
Speaker: Grant Pattinson, Tesla
Lecture Title: "The Big Knobs of Material Development"
Date: Wednesday, February 26
Time: Noon to 2:00 p.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 6B
About the Presentation
If you walk up to a microscope and start to focus it using the fine focus, you may stumble on the clear image you wanted to see, but more likely you’ll spend a lot of time and effort getting nowhere useful. What you want to do is to start with the biggest knob, or coarse focus first. At TMS2018, Charlie Kuehmann opened the conference talking about Material Challenges at Tesla and SpaceX. He described how we are not limited so much by not having the knowledge or toolsets, it’s more about having the time work on the right problems that have the biggest impact. In this talk, we will look at some high impact problems, and how understanding what is limiting you can be one of the biggest knobs leading to innovative solutions.
About the Speaker
Grant Pattinson is manager of Tesla’s Materials Engineering Metals and Ceramics team, responsible for leading metal and ceramic material design, selection and simulation used to make the world’s fastest, safest, advanced, exciting, and sustainable cars, trucks, and energy products. The Materials Engineering department at Tesla are dedicated to using and developing the best possible materials and processes Tesla needs to accelerate the world's transition to sustainable energy. Prior to starting at Tesla in 2015, Pattinson was at General Motor’s Holden for 13 years where he was Holden’s resident expert in non-ferrous metals and castings, led GM R&D projects, and was lead metallurgist at Australia’s largest foundry. At Holden Materials Engineering, Grant oversaw implementation of light metals for the global Zeta platform (2011 Chevrolet Camaro, Holden Commodore, Pontiac G8, Chevrolet SS, Caprice PPV), including award-winning aluminum conformable LPG Tank and aluminum cross car beam projects.
Award Lectures
Extraction & Processing Division Distinguished Lecturer
Speaker: Phillip Mackey, P.J. Mackey Technologies Inc.
Lecture Title: "Around the Lead and Zinc Metallurgical World in Eighty Days: A Virtual Tour of World Lead and Zinc Operations and Technologies"
Date: Monday, February 24
Time: 8:15 a.m. to 8:45 a.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 15A
About the Presentation
Lead mining and smelting dates back to antiquity, while zinc as an alloying element with copper as brass has a similarly very long history. Today, lead and zinc are produced in large or small tonnages in almost all countries of the world—and lead is the most recycled metal with one of the highest recycling rates of any material. The scale of lead and zinc operations and the type of technologies employed varies widely around the world. This talk takes the audience on a virtual tour of the major lead and zinc plants throughout the world with a focus on metallurgical facilities. Operations and technology employed at each plant visited are discussed including a brief historical sketch. Future technology trends identified during the world tour are also discussed. The presenter needed sufficient time for a thorough study tour and settled on eighty days—the same as that for the celebrated fictional story of world circumnavigation in the 1870s, a time when world lead production far exceeded that of other non-ferrous metals.
About the Speaker
Phillip Mackey is President of P. J. Mackey Technologies Inc. Throughout his career, Mackey’s work has included a wide range of metallurgical activities in copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, as well as precious metals and with a focus on pyrometallurgy. He was introduced to lead and zinc metallurgy at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, while studying for his Ph.D. degree in the late 1960s. His thesis project included both bench research and leading a small team operating a 2.4 tonnes of lead/hour pilot plant investigating the gaseous de-zincing of lead (called the GDZ process) as an alternative to the then conventional process of vacuum dezincing. The pilot plant was operated by Mackey under the overall supervision of Prof. Noel A. Warner. Soon after commencing at the Noranda Research Centre in 1969 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Phillip Mackey was transferred to work for a period as Supervisor, Pilot Plant at the company’s large copper smelter in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, where a ground-breaking testwork was underway, and thus began his work on copper; activities in nickel commenced soon after. His pilot plant work would lead to the commercialization of the Noranda Process as the World’s first commercial continuous copper smelting and converting process commencing in 1973. Mackey co-authored the paper “Metallurgy of the Direct Smelting of Lead” with A. Matyas. Published in the Journal of Metals in 1976, it discussed developments in lead metallurgy which were eventually commercialized in the 1980s and 1990s as a replacement for the lead blast furnace.
Mackey is currently Senior Metallurgical Advisor to Horizonte Minerals, is a Principal Metallurgical Specialist at Worley, sits on the Advisory Board of North American Nickel, and is a director of Hazen Research. The Phillip Mackey Symposium was recently held at the Copper 2019 International Conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in appreciation of his work in Canada and internationally in the pyrometallurgy of copper and pyrometallurgy at large.
William Hume-Rothery Award
Speaker: Ursula R. Kattner, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Lecture Title: "Phase Diagrams, Computational Thermodynamics and CALPHAD"
Date: Monday, February 24
Time: 8:10 a.m. to 8:50 a.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 32A
About the Presentation
Phase Diagrams are frequently hailed as roadmaps for materials and process development and are frequently graphical representations of phase equilibria as a function of composition, temperature, and/or pressure. The graphical representation imposes a limit on the information that can be communicated while computational thermodynamics is limited by the available computational resources. Within computational thermodynamics, the CALPHAD method has established itself as a pillar for computational materials and process design and its databases are viewed as part of a materials genome. The CALPHAD method was established several decades ago for thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria, and its models have become increasingly sophisticated with time for efficient calculation of realistic phase diagrams and thermochemical properties. The conceptual design of CALPHAD models also makes them well suited for describing other phase-based properties, such as diffusion mobilities, molar volume, and other thermophysical properties. Recent advances in CALPHAD modeling and database development will be discussed.
About the Speaker
Ursula Kattner is a physical scientist at the Materials Science and Engineering Division of the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA. She received her Diploma in Mineralogy and her Ph.D. in Metallurgy from the University of Stuttgart, Germany. She then worked as a research associate at the Powder Metallurgical Laboratory of the Max-Planck-Institute for Metals Research in Stuttgart. In 1985, she joined the Metallurgy Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (then National Bureau of Standards), first as guest scientist and later as physical scientist. Her research initially concentrated on the experimental determination of phase diagrams but migrated to computational thermodynamics and software development. Her research interests are thermodynamics and phase equilibria, computational thermodynamics employing the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method, development of multi-component thermodynamic databases, and the coupling of phase equilibria calculations with process simulation tools. She has received numerous awards, including the U.S. Department of Commerce Gold Medal Award, the ASM International J. Willard Gibbs Phase Equilibria Award, and is a Fellow of ASM International. She has authored and co-authored more than 100 papers and book chapters.
Institute of Metals/Robert Franklin Mehl Award
Speaker: Yuntian Zhu, North Carolina State University
Lecture Title: "Heterostructured Materials: A New Paradigm for Designing Metals with Superior Mechanical Properties"
Date: Wednesday, February 26
Time: 12:15 p.m.
Location: Marriott Marquis Hotel, Carlsbad Room
About the Presentation
Strong and tough materials are desired for light-weight applications such as electric cars. Recently, heterostructures have been found to produce unprecedented strength and ductility that are considered impossible from our textbook knowledge and materials history. Heterostructured (HS) materials consist of domains with dramatic strength differences, which causes hetero-deformation, which induces back stress in the soft domain and forward stress in the hard domain. This collectively produces hetero-deformation induced (HDI) hardening, and HDI stress, making the materials strong and tough. Importantly, HS materials can be produced by current industrial facilities at large scale and low cost. There are many scientific issues with such materials that challenge the communities of experimental materials science and computational material mechanics. Heterostructured materials is quickly becoming a hot research field in the post-nanomaterials era. In this talk, I’ll present the current advances as well as future challenges and issues in this emerging field.
About the Speaker
Yuntian Zhu is a distinguished Professor in Materials Science at North Carolina State University (NCSU). He is also the Director of the Nano & Heterostructured Materials Center in Nanjing University of Science and Technology. He obtained his Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering in 1994 from The University of Texas at Austin. Before joining the NCSU faculty in 2007, he was team leader at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Zhu’s research in recent years has focused on three major nano-related areas: heterostructured materials, nanostructured materials, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) and CNT nanocomposites. He and his colleagues have found that heterostructures can produce a synergistic high strength and ductility via a new scientific principle of back-stress strengthening and work-hardening. They also experimentally observed a new twinning mechanism in nanocrystalline face-centered cubic metals that does not generate macroscopic strain, an inverse grain size effect on twinning, and an optimum grain size for twinning. His group has fabricated super strong and stiff CNT nanocomposites. He has received numerous awards including the ASM International Albert Sauveur Award and the International Union of Materials Research Societies Sômiya Award (2015). He is a founding editor-in-chief of Materials Research Letters.
William D. Nix Award Lecturer
Speaker: Robert Ritchie, University of California, Berkeley
Lecture Title: "Damage Tolerance in Materials"
Date: Wednesday, February 26
Time: 8:30 a.m. to 9:30 a.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 4
About the Presentation
A material’s capacity for limited deformation is a critical aspect of toughness as this enables the local dissipation of stresses that would otherwise cause fracture. Such inelastic deformation mechanisms are diverse; they include dislocation motion in crystalline materials, in-situ phase-transformations in certain metals and ceramics, sliding of collagen fibrils in bone, rotation of fibrils in skin, frictional motion between mineral “platelets” in seashells, and through mechanisms that also cause fracture such as shear-banding in glasses and microcracking in rocks. Resistance to fracture is thus a compromise: either a combination of the mutually exclusive properties of strength and deformability, as in intrinsic toughness, or between intrinsic and extrinsic (shielding) mechanisms that act to induce toughness, respectively, ahead or behind, the tip. We examine the interplay between such mechanisms in biological materials, including skin and bone, high-temperature materials, such as ceramic-matrix composites and nuclear graphite, and in bulk-metallic glasses and high-entropy alloys.
About the Speaker
Robert O. Ritchie is the H.T. & Jessie Chua Distinguished Professor of Engineering in the Departments of Materials Science & Engineering and Mechanical Engineering at the University of California in Berkeley; he is also Senior Materials Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He received M.A., Ph.D., and Sc.D. degrees in materials science, all from Cambridge University. Prior to joining the Berkeley faculty in 1981, he was Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is known for his research into the mechanics and mechanisms of fracture and fatigue of a broad range of materials. His current interests are focused on high-entropy alloys and bulk-metallic glasses, the mechanical properties of biological materials, especially bone, and the development of bioinspired structural materials. He has won numerous awards, including the 2014 Acta Materialia Gold Medal and the Sir Alan Cottrell Gold Medal from the International Congress on Fracture in 2009. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and of the Royal Academy of Engineering in the U.K., a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, and a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.
Young Professional Award Lectures
Young Innovator in the Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing Award Lecture
Speaker: Douglas Hofmann, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology
Lecture Title: "Innovation in Additive Manufacturing: A Perspective on an Early Career in Metal Alloy Development"
Date: Monday, February 24
Time: 4:25 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 6A
About the Presentation
The past decade has seen rapid and widespread adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) technology at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)/California Institute of Technology. This talk focuses on the establishment of AM capabilities at JPL and subsequent infusion opportunities in spacecraft, with particular emphasis on alloy development, prototyping, testing, and processing and property relationships. AM is an attractive capability for infusion into spacecraft, especially for complex part designs, multifunctional materials, extreme environment materials, hardware with reduced cost and schedule, and low mass structural parts. The JPL now has a large team of scientists, engineers and technologists working in AM with a subset working in alloy development. Some of the AM research topics that will be covered in this talk include functionally graded metals, bulk metallic glasses, metal-matrix composites, self-hammering excavating tools, graded dielectric antennas, and multi-functional materials.
About the Speaker
Douglas Hofmann is a Principal at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). He is also a founding member of the JPL Materials Development and Manufacturing Technology Group and founder of the JPL Metallurgy Facility. He also serves as a Visiting Associate and Lecturer in Materials Science and Applied Physics at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). He has a B.S. and M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California San Diego and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Materials Science from Caltech. Hofmann has received many awards for his research, most notably the 2014 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers from President Obama for his work in the development of metallic glass metal matrix composites. He has founded two commercial companies based on his research at JPL.
Japan Institute of Metals and Materials Young Leaders International Scholar
Speaker: Xiao Xu, Tohoku University
Lecture Title: "Co-Based Heusler Alloys with Reentrant Martensitic Transformation Behavior: Fundamentals and Application Possibilities"
Date: Monday, February 24
Time: 4:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 33B
About the Presentation
This presentation will deliver a brief review of the unique reentrant martensitic transformation (RMT) behavior in Co-based Heusler alloys. In Co2Cr(Ga,Si) alloys, an L21→D022→L21 RMT behavior was reported. By this phenomenon, novel physical phenomena, such as the cooling-induced shape memory effect and inverse temperature dependence of superelastic stress, were reported. For a deeper understanding on these phenomena, the experimental phase diagrams, including the composition versus temperature (x-T), magnetic field versus temperature (H-T) and uniaxial stress versus temperature (σ-T) phase diagrams, will be introduced. The occurrence of the RMT behavior was found to be the result of the competition between the entropy change of the martensitic transformation and magnetic entropy of parent phase. A brief explanation of the thermodynamic analysis on the RMT behavior will be provided. Furthermore, application possibilities for the use of RMT behavior will also be discussed in this talk.
About the Speaker
Xiao Xu is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, Tohoku University. He holds doctorate and master’s degrees from the Graduate School of Engineering at Tohoku University, Japan, and earned his bachelor’s degree from the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Zhejing University in China. His previous professional experience includes serving as an assistant professor (research), a postdoctoral researcher, and a research fellow at the Graduate School of Engineering at Tohoku University. His research interests within Materials Science and Engineering and Applied Physics include development of novel ferromagnetic and metamagnetic shape memory alloys (experimental determination of H–T phase diagrams, thermodynamic and kinetic analyses on martensitic transformation), reentrant martensitic transformation and relevant phenomena (reentrant martensitic transformation behavior and cooling-induced shape memory effect in Co-based Heusler alloys), and experimental determination of phase diagrams.
Young Professional Tutorial Luncheon Lecture
Date: Tuesday, February 25
Luncheon: Noon to 12:45 p.m. (Tickets can be purchased at the registration desk until 10:00 a.m. on Monday, February 24)
Lecture: 12:45 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. (No tickets required; all are welcome to attend)
Location: San Diego Convention Center, Room 6A
Speaker: Jessica A. Krogstad, University of Illinois, Urbana-Campaign
Lecture Title: "Challenging the Paradigm for Materials in Extreme Environments: Embracing Dynamic Material Properties"
About the Presentation
Faced with longer service lifetimes, higher operating temperatures, more complex loading configurations, and aggressive environments, reliable operation of many key technologies hinges upon the durability of materials or material systems. In these extreme environments, understanding the evolution of material properties may be even more important than the initial performance of the material. This is something that, as a community, we have long known, but we have typically considered such evolution only in the context of degradation and failure. However, if we consider the concepts underlying Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME), which not only acknowledged the link between processing/manufacturing and materials properties, but directly integrated dynamic aspects of the processing steps to optimize those properties, we find inspiration for a further step in this paradigm shift. Specifically, service conditions can and should be considered as part of the same processing window. Recent advancements in both in situ experimental tools and computational methods enable an unprecedented perspective on the combined effects of extreme temperatures, loads, and chemically aggressive environments, which are common to both processing and service. By removing the barrier between processing and service, we may apply or expand these tools to tackle the complexity of materials in extreme environments, introducing deliberately dynamic materials systems and alleviating materials limitations across a broad spectrum of critical technology sectors.
Speaker: C. Cem Tasan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Lecture Title: "Resettable Steels: Alloy Design-for-Reuse Towards Continuous Damage-Resistance"
About the Presentation
Metals are poor at self-repair due to the ambient temperature sluggishness of transformations compared to, e.g., polymers. On the other hand, they respond well to non-autonomous repair treatments aimed at macroscopic discontinuities (see, for example, repair of bridge steel cracks, worn turbine blades, forging of casting defects, etc.). This forgiving nature of metals, however, has not been systematically utilized to focus on early stages of microscopic damage nucleation, where preventive healing becomes a feasible option. The challenge thereof arises due to the complexity of plasticity and damage micro-mechanics, and phase transformation kinetics in multi-phase microstructures. In the Tasan Group at MIT, by developing multi-field mapping tools and methods, we improve our understanding of these microstructural processes, and by utilizing this understanding, we design resettable alloys: alloys where each microstructural constituent has the capability to revert to its exact pre-deformation state, with feasible resetting treatments. This design-for-reuse approach thus sets the foundations for the introduction of metals that can be used continuously.