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Topics to be covered include:
- The fundamentals of fluid dynamics (applied to gas injection) including compressible flow;
- An overview of
the teachings of Keith Brimacombe and his team on the injection phenomena in conventional single-pipe tuyere injection (bubbling and
jetting flow regimes, gas penetration into the bath, slopping and splashing with mouth accretion, tuyere accretion growth with tuyere
blockage and punching);
- The concept of "high pressure" or sonic injection including a review of the industrial trials from the ‘80s in North
America;
- A presentation on the concepts, trials and implementation of concentric injection (a.k.a. shrouded injection) in copper and
nickel converters, a technique that was also promoted by Keith Brimacombe.
A good number of theoretical notions will be covered and
solutions to calculate flow conditions in tuyeres and injectors will be presented. All course notes will be made available to participants in
an electronic format. All at no charge!
Tentative Outline
- Introduction to Fluid Dynamics
a. Definitions
b. Compressible Versus Incompressible Flows
c. Continuity and Momentum Equations
d. Sonic Flow
- Single-Pipe Tuyere Injection
a. Background - Bubbling Versus Jetting Regime
b. Injection Under Bubbling Regime
c. Injection Under Jetting Regime
- Shrouded Sonic Injection
a. Shrouded Injection Fundamentals
b. Trials and Implementation in Cu and Ni Converters
c. Shrouded Injector Design
d. Shrouded Injector Modes of Operation
Course Instructors:
- Joel Kapusta, Air Liquide
- Greg Richards, Teck Cominco Metals Ltd.
For more details download the Injection Phenomena flier.
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