Additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology, offering increased part
complexity, short lead times, and opportunities for local microstructure
control. AM microstructures often consist of complex features spanning multiple
length scales, including dislocations, nucleation, segregation, defects, and
grains, and these features directly influence the properties of manufactured
parts. Despite the importance of said microstructural features, the application
of fundamental solidification theories to AM processing conditions has not been
fully explored. As increased demand for customized material properties and
localized microstructure control will inevitably require a detailed
understanding of AM solidification, this symposium seeks to highlight research
in metal AM that applies fundamental solidification theories to understand and
solve contemporary materials and processing challenges. This symposium will
inform the solidification community about the unique solidification conditions
specific to AM and guide the AM community in recognizing the parallels that
exist in the solidification literature, e.g., casting, welding, and remelting
processes. Both experimental and modeling submissions are encouraged,
especially when models or theories are adapted to predict the unique multiscale
and non-equilibrium process-microstructure relationships inherent to AM and
connected to experimental results or in situ characterization. Also, the use of
data analytics and machine learning approaches to building
process-structure-property relationships is encouraged.
The tenth “Frontiers in Solidification” symposium will provide a forum for
emerging advances in experimental, analytical, and computational solidification
science. The focus will be on the fundamental aspects of understanding how
microstructures and defects develop and evolve during solidification
experiments or processes, not limited to welding, casting, remelting, and
additive manufacturing.
Beyond solidification, contributions that investigate melting phenomena are
also encouraged. The broadest range of investigation methods is considered,
including theory, experiments, characterization, modeling across all relevant
length and time scales, and data-driven approaches. Contributions will put
forward original interpretations, observations of novel phenomena, and/or
outstanding challenges from both fundamental and applied perspectives, as well
as the transfer of fundamental knowledge to practical applications.
Contributions that combine novel characterization techniques, challenging
property measurements, and computational simulations across scales are
especially encouraged.
Topics of interest include:
• Nucleation and growth
• Interfaces and boundaries (solid-liquid, solid-solid, stability, anisotropy,
kinetics,...)
• Pattern formation (cellular, dendritic, eutectic, peritectic,...)
• Fluid flow and gravity effect on microstructure formation and evolution
• Macrosegregation and microsegregation
• Solidification defects
• In-situ and time-resolved imaging of microstructures
• Theory and modeling across all relevant length scales
• Emerging processing techniques (e.g. additive manufacturing)
• Machine learning methods in solidification science
Understanding microstructural evolution is at the heart of the
processing-structure-properties-performance paradigm in materials science.
Throughout his career, Professor Voorhees has advanced scientific understanding
of microstructural evolution and the kinetics of phase transformations that
drives it through a combination of theory, computational modeling, and
experimental methodologies. His research has advanced the state of the art in
each of these areas. This symposium will highlight key contributions that have
furthered scientific understanding of microstructural evolution. Discussion
will address the broad-reaching impact of the methodological advancements and
their application in a variety of materials, including fundamental
thermodynamics, analytical models for coarsening and phase transformations,
phase-field and phase-field crystal modeling, and three-dimensional
microstructure characterization using sectioning and X-ray tomography.
This symposium will feature invited presentations by colleagues and
collaborators of Professor Voorhees. Contributed presentations that are
especially inspired or influenced by interactions with him or his work on the
previously mentioned topics are also encouraged.
Additive manufacturing is a transformational alternative to traditional
manufacturing as near-net shape components can be created with complex
geometries and material properties. Although components and alloys can be
rapidly designed and fabricated for demanding applications, the current
methodology to determine appropriate manufacturing conditions is time consuming
requiring ex-situ characterization. A fabricated part must be removed,
sectioned, and extensively examined to determine if correct machine parameter
processing conditions occurred during production to avoid defects. Through
understanding and implementing knowledge of conditions that occur during the
manufacturing solidification or deformation process, machine parameters can be
adjusted during fabrication to correct, heal, and alter the component while it
is being created. In-situ modifications also introduces the potential for the
science and design of new materials with unique and valuable properties. This
symposium invited submissions that bridges the scientific interplay between
material microstructure evolution including solidification, solid-state phase
transformation and deformation during fabrication and the associated control of
the manufacturing fabrication systems.
This symposium would like to invite contributions on topics including, but not
limited to:
• In-process data collection during additive manufacturing of solidification
cracking, porosity, dimensional integrity, thermal evolution or related
microstructure features.
• Interactions between phase transformations and inherent deformation modes in
the range of plastic strain gradients occurring in fusion based and solid-state
AM.
• Machine learning algorithms related to feedback control of robotic systems
and advanced manufacturing techniques.
• Combinatorial experimental and modeling approaches that consider effects from
computer vision, robotics, advanced sensors, and human interactions.
• Intersection of multiple data types corresponding to material evolution
during advanced manufacturing.
The absence of gravitational effects such as thermal and solutal buoyancy
enables the investigation of a large range of different phenomena in materials
science. These reduced-gravity experiments can isolate phenomena otherwise
obscured in ground-based experiments, leading to new discoveries that can
improve materials and processes here on Earth, as well as in-space.
Long-duration experiments in microgravity have a long history – from the early
days of spaceflight to current experiments onboard the International Space
Station. Other platforms for reduced gravity experiments include drop tubes and
towers that provide seconds of reduced gravity, aircraft (parabolic flights)
that provide tens of seconds, and sounding rockets and suborbital flights that
provide several minutes. For this symposium, abstracts are solicited in all
areas of materials research employing reduced gravity, including crystal
growth, containerless processing, materials processing and properties,
materials science related to space exploration (in-situ resource utilization,
in-space additive manufacturing), and experimental facilities for materials
research. The symposium continues the series Experimental Methods in
Microgravity Materials Research and Materials Research in Reduced Gravity,
which have been recurrently held at the TMS Annual Meeting since the 1980s.
With the upcoming transition to one or more commercially driven space stations
to replace the international Space Station, there is increasing interest in
creating new materials and components in the radiation/microgravity environment
of low-earth orbit, that provides challenges and opportunities not seen on
earth. Also, in low-earth orbit there will be the need to build structures that
are too big to be launched, such as massive solar arrays, requiring the
transformation of traditional materials processing and joining methods so they
be used to manufacture products in microgravity.
This symposium will be a) a global discussion of synthesis and characterization
of new materials created in low-earth orbit. Potential commercial products
range from pharmaceuticals to semiconductors and b) an assessment of the
current state and future need for transforming traditional manufacturing
methods so they can be used in the confined and austere environment of a space
station in low earth orbit.
Session Topics:
1) Commercial Space – challenge and opportunities
2) Current manufacturing processes in low-earth orbit
3) Autonomous/robotic manufacturing
4) Welding in low-earth orbit; history and planned experiments
5) Building large structures in low earth orbit
7) Workforce development for commercial materials /manufacturing in low-earth
orbit
8) Biological Applications
This is the 5th International Symposium on Defects and Properties in Cast
Metals sponsored by the Solidification Committee of the TMS MPMD.
Defects generated during the solidification of liquid metals, whether during
primary metal processing, shape casting or additive manufacturing, dramatically
affect the subsequent mechanical and physical properties of the final product.
These defects arise from a range of fundamental mechanisms such as surface
oxidation, entrainment of exogenous materials, dissolved gasses, solidification
shrinkage, unwanted micro-structural phases with detrimental morphologies and
the development of stresses in the solidifying metal resulting in hot tearing
and cracking. In many instances, defects arise from a combination of many
physical processes.
This symposium seeks contributions from all alloys systems, including ferrous,
non-ferrous, superalloys, and other materials; and from all metals processes,
including: ingot casting, DC casting, foundry/shape casting; including die
casting, investment casting and sand casting, continuous casting, remelting
processes and advanced solidification processes, such as additive manufacturing
involving molten metal.
Topics include measurements and modeling of any phenomena related to casting
defects and properties: liquid metal refining, inclusions and metal
cleanliness; re-oxidation; slag / dross entrainment and fluid flow effects;
surface defects, shrinkage, gas, and porosity problems; segregation (a-, v-,
freckles, inverse, centerline, etc.); hot tearing and other cracks; residual
stresses, distortion, and shape problems; microstructural, precipitate- and
grain defects in the present of or without external fields, e.g. ultrasound,
electromagnetic, shearing, etc; in-service properties, such as strength,
ductility, toughness, fatigue, and wear; advanced characterization methods for
defect detection, both online and ex situ sampling methods and modeling.
The objective is to bring together researchers working in diverse fields that
may share common fundamentals and goals, but may not usually collaborate, in
order to stimulate interdisciplinary discussion.
This Symposium focuses on solidification influenced by external fields, which
includes, but is not limited to, solidification in the presence of strong
gravitational, acoustic or electromagnetic (EM) fields. The use of external
fields has become widespread in a drive for improved materials or better
understanding of fundamental phenomena. Examples include the use of magnetic
fields to introduce electromagnetic braking of fluid flow or to interact with
inherent electric currents to drive flow in processes ranging from traditional
casting to additive manufacturing. Or to use electromagnetic fields to levitate
droplets of highly reactive metals to understand and measure key material
properties, with comparison to experiments under microgravity conditions.
Acoustic fields can also drive flow through acoustic streaming, but also cause
cavitation of micro bubbles that can refine microstructures. Strong
super-gravitational fields can make materials more denser providing improved
material properties of soft and condensed matter.
The symposium seeks contributions from any process where the introduction of an
external field has a significant impact on solidification. As external fields
add a new parameter space to many processes a key aim is to develop
interdisciplinary discussions.
The symposium will bring together world experts to share recent findings,
state-of-the-art techniques and to facilitate discussions and knowledge
transfer. The aim is to develop research networks between partners that will
generate new ideas and direction for long-term collaborations.
Additive manufacturing is a disruptive technology, offering increased part
complexity, short lead times, and opportunities for local microstructure
control. Microstructure and defect development in AM processes is influenced by
solidification and melt pool dynamics, but currently the application of
fundamental solidification theories to AM process conditions has not been fully
explored. Furthermore, increased demand for customized material properties and
localized microstructure control will inevitably require a detailed
understanding of solidification in these processes. The goal of this symposium
is to highlight research in metal additive manufacturing that applies
fundamental solidification theories to understand and solve contemporary
processing challenges. This symposium will inform the solidification community
about the unique characteristics of AM and guide the AM community to recognize
the parallels that exist in the welding and solidification literature. Both
experimental and modeling submissions are encouraged, especially in which
modeling or theories are connected to experimental results or in situ
characterization, as well as the use of data analytics and machine learning
approaches to building process-structure-property relationships. The symposium
will consist of 4 total sessions.
As computational methodologies in the materials science and engineering become
more mature, it is critical to develop and validate numerical techniques and
algorithms that employ ever-expanding computational resources. The algorithms
for either physics-based models or data-based models can impact critical
materials science areas such as: data acquisition and analysis from microscopy,
atomic force microscopy (AFM), state-of-the-art light source facilities, and
analysis/extraction of quantitative metrics from numerical simulations of
materials behavior.
This symposium seeks abstract submissions for developing new algorithms and/or
designing new methods for performing computational research in materials
science and engineering. One symposium thrust is on implementation on the novel
peta/exascale supercomputer architectures for revolutionary improvements in
simulation analysis time, power, and capability. Another symposium thrust is
for employing widely available state-of-the art cloud and clusters computing
systems. Validation studies and uncertainty quantification of computational
methodologies are also of interest. Session topics include, but are not limited
to:
• Advancements that enhance modeling and simulation techniques such as density
functional theory, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo simulation, dislocation
dynamics, electronic-excited states, phase-field modeling, CALPHAD, crystal
plasticity, and finite element analysis;
• Advancements in semi-empirical models and machine learning algorithms for
interatomic interactions, microstructure evolution and meso/continuum models;
• New techniques for physics-based, multi-scale, multi-physics materials
modeling;
• Computational methods for analyzing results and development of reduced
models from high fidelity simulations data of materials phenomena;
• Approaches for data mining, machine learning, image processing, image based
microstructure generation, synthetic microstructure generation, high throughput
databases, high throughput experiments, surrogate modeling and extracting
useful insights from large data sets of numerical and experimental results;
• Approaches for improving performance and/or scalability, particularly on new
and emerging hardware (e.g., GPUs), and other high-performance computing (HPC)
efforts; and
• Uncertainty quantification, statistical metrics from image-based synthetic
microstructure generation, model comparisons and validation studies related to
novel algorithms and/or methods in computational material science.
The Computational Thermodynamics and Kinetics (CTK) symposium, held yearly for
over 20 years, highlights the latest advances in computational tools and
techniques that broaden our understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of
materials. Advanced CTK methods play an ever-increasing role, not only in
bringing new insight in the fundamental behavior of materials, but also for the
conceptual design and discovery of novel materials systems with outstanding
properties. This symposium will cover topics related to the stability,
synthesis, properties, and discovery of new materials, based on computational
methods, including data-based and high-throughput methods, and the integration
of computational tools with experiments and processes.
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
• Phase prediction, equilibria, stability, transformations, electronic and
photonic performance, and nano/micro-structural evolution, including the
influence of defects and interfaces;
• Innovative computational approaches for materials discovery and design;
• Alloy design, microstructure control, multi-phase/multi-component systems;
• Prediction of materials properties (mechanics, chemistry, electronic,
transport, etc.);
• Effect of external and internal constraints (elastic, plastic, electric,
magnetic, etc.) on the stability, microstructure, and properties of materials;
• Integration of CTK with experiments and computationally-guided synthesis of
materials;
• Advanced statistical and data-based methods (e.g. machine learning,
uncertainty quantification) for CTK.
The ninth edition of the "Frontiers in Solidification" symposium series is
dedicated to Jonathan A. Dantzig, a recognized world leader in the field of
solidification, casting, and computational modelling of materials processing
and microstructure development. Starting his career in process modelling, Jon
later tackled more fundamental aspects of solidification modeling at the
microstructure level. Therefore, this edition is particularly focused on
process and microstructure modeling, even though contributions across the
entire field of solidification are welcome.
These include:
- Fundamental aspects of solidification which advance our understanding of how
microstructures develop and evolve during solidification experiments or
processes;
- Contributions which put forward original interpretations, observations of
novel phenomena, and outstanding challenges from both fundamental and applied
perspectives, as well as transfer of fundamental knowledge to practical
applications;
- Investigation methods including theory, experiments, characterization,
modeling across all relevant length and time scales, as well as data-driven
approaches;
- Contributions that combine novel characterization techniques, challenging
property measurements, and computational simulations across scales are
especially encouraged.
The absence of gravitational effects such as thermal and solutal buoyancy
enables investigation of a large range of different phenomena in materials
science. These reduced-gravity experiments can isolate phenomena otherwise
obscured in ground-based experiments, leading to new discoveries that can
improve materials and processes here on Earth. Long-term experiments in
microgravity have a long history – from the early days of spaceflight to
current experiments onboard the International Space Station. Other platforms
for reduced gravity experiments include drop tubes and towers that provide
seconds of reduced gravity, aircraft (parabolic flights) that provide tens of
seconds, and sounding rockets that provide hundreds of seconds. Abstracts are
solicited in all areas of materials research employing reduced gravity,
including crystal growth, containerless processing, materials processing and
properties, and experimental facilities for materials research. This symposium
continues the series "Experimental Methods in Microgravity Materials Research"
and "Materials Research in Reduced Gravity", which have been recurrently held
at the TMS Annual Meeting since the 1980s.
Most intermetallic compounds adopt complex and aperiodic structure types,
hallmarked by their extremely large unit cells and extensive crystallographic
disorder. Quasicrystals are the quintessential example of crystal complexity:
they possess long-range positional order but classically forbidden
orientational order. Despite their frequent observation in both metallic
alloys and soft matter structures in the 40 years since their discovery, little
is known about the way in which they emerge from a liquid, amorphous, or
crystalline precursor.
While multiple kinetic models have been proposed, such models remain unverified
due to the prior lack of experimental and computational probes. We now have
suitable probes in hand. This symposium will integrate theory, state-of-the-art
characterization techniques, and multi-scale modelling approaches in order to
achieve a comprehensive picture of the formation and transformation pathways of
complex intermetallics. Topics include structure models; surfaces and
overlayers; growth and stability; defect generation; and soft matter analogues.
As computational methodologies in the materials science and engineering become
more mature, it is critical to develop, improve, and validate techniques and
algorithms that leverage ever-expanding computational resources. These
physical-based and data-intensive algorithms can impact areas such as: data
acquisition and analysis from sophisticated microscopes and state-of-the-art
light source facilities, analysis and extraction of quantitative metrics from
numerical simulations of materials behavior, and implementation on novel peta-
and exascale computer architectures for revolutionary improvements in
simulation analysis time, power, and capability.
This symposium solicits abstract submissions from researchers who are
developing new algorithms and/or designing new methods for performing
computational research in materials science and engineering. Validation studies
and uncertainty quantification of computational methodologies are equally of
interest. Session topics include, but are not limited to:
• Advancements that enhance modeling and simulation techniques such as density
functional theory, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo simulation, dislocation
dynamics, electronic-excited states, phase-field modeling, CALPHAD, and finite
element analysis;
• Advancements in semi-empirical models and machine learning algorithms for
interatomic interactions;
• New techniques for simulating the complex behavior of materials at different
length and time scales;
• Computational methods for analyzing results from simulations of materials
phenomena;
• Approaches for data mining, machine learning, image processing, high
throughput databases, high throughput experiments, and extracting useful
insights from large data sets of numerical and experimental results;
• Approaches for improving performance and/or scalability, particularly on new
and emerging hardware (e.g. GPUs), and other high-performance computing (HPC)
efforts; and
• Uncertainty quantification, model comparisons and validation studies related
to novel algorithms and/or methods in computational material science.
Defects generated during the solidification of liquid metals, whether during
primary metal processing, shape casting or additive manufacturing, dramatically
affect the subsequent mechanical and physical properties of the final product.
These defects arise from a range of fundamental mechanisms such as surface
oxidation, entrainment of exogenous materials, dissolved gasses, solidification
shrinkage, unwanted micro-structural phases with detrimental morphologies and
the development of stresses in the solidifying metal resulting in hot tearing
and cracking. In many instances, defects arise from a combination of many
physical processes.
This symposium seeks contributions from all alloys systems, including ferrous,
non-ferrous, superalloys, and other materials; and from all metals processes,
including: ingot casting, DC casting, foundry/shape casting, die casting,
investment casting, sand casting, continuous casting, and advanced
solidification processes, such as additive manufacturing involving molten metal.
Topics include measurements and modeling of any phenomena related to casting
defects and properties: liquid metal refining, inclusions and metal
cleanliness; re-oxidation; slag / dross entrainment and fluid flow effects;
surface defects, shrinkage, gas, and porosity problems; segregation (a-, v-,
freckles, inverse, centerline, etc.); hot tearing and other cracks; residual
stresses, distortion, and shape problems; microstructural, precipitate- and
grain defects in the present of or without external fields, e.g. ultrasound,
electromagnetic, shearing, etc; in-service properties, such as strength,
ductility, toughness, fatigue, and wear; advanced characterization methods for
defect detection, both online and ex situ sampling methods and modeling. The
objective is to bring together researchers working in diverse fields that may
share common fundamentals and goals, but may not usually collaborate, in order
to stimulate interdisciplinary discussion. This is the 4th International
Symposium on Defects and Properties in Cast Metals sponsored by the
Solidification Committee of the TMS MPMD.
Additive manufacturing is a disruptive technology, offering increased part
complexity, short lead times, and opportunities for local microstructure
control. Microstructure and defect development in AM processes is influenced by
solidification and melt pool dynamics, but currently the application of
fundamental solidification theories to AM process conditions has not been fully
explored. Furthermore, increased demand for customized material properties and
localized microstructure control will inevitably require a detailed
understanding of solidification in these processes. The goal of this symposium
is to highlight research in metal additive manufacturing that applies
fundamental solidification theory to understand and solve contemporary
processing challenges. This symposium will inform the solidification community
about the unique characteristics of AM and guide the AM community to recognize
the parallels that exist in the welding and solidification literature. Both
experimental and modeling submissions are encouraged, especially in which
modeling or theory is connected to experimental results or in situ
characterization, as well as the use of data analytics and machine learning
approaches to building process-structure-property relationships. The symposium
will consist of 4 total sessions.
As computational approaches to study the science and engineering of materials
become more mature, it is critical to develop, improve, and validate techniques
and algorithms that leverage ever-expanding computational resources. These
algorithms can impact areas such as: data acquisition and analysis from
sophisticated microscopes and state-of-the-art light source facilities,
analysis and extraction of quantitative metrics from numerical simulations of
materials behavior, and the ability to leverage specific computer architectures
for revolutionary improvements in simulation analysis time, power, and
capability.
This symposium solicits abstract submissions from researchers who are
developing new algorithms and/or designing new methods for performing
computational research in materials science and engineering. Validation studies
and uncertainty quantification of computational methodologies are equally of
interest. Session topics include, but are not limited to:
- Advancements that enhance modeling and simulation techniques such as density
functional theory, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo simulation, dislocation
dynamics, electronic-excited states, phase-field modeling, CALPHAD, and finite
element analysis;
- Advancements in semi-empirical models and machine learning algorithms for
interatomic interactions;
- New techniques for simulating the complex behavior of materials at different
length and time scales;
- Computational methods for analyzing results from simulations of materials
phenomena;
- Approaches for data mining, machine learning, image processing, high
throughput databases, high throughput experiments, and extracting useful
insights from large data sets of numerical and experimental results;
- Uncertainty quantification, model comparisons and validation studies related
to novel algorithms and/or methods in computational material science.
The eighth “Frontiers in Solidification" symposium will provide a forum to
present and discuss the latest advances in the field of Solidification Science.
The main focus will be on the fundamental aspects of solidification, with the
aim of advancing our understanding of how microstructures develop and evolve
during solidification experiments or processes. Beyond solidification,
contributions that investigate melting phenomena are also encouraged. The
widest range of investigation methods are considered, including theory,
experiments, characterization, modeling across all relevant length and time
scales, as well as data-driven approaches. Contributions will put forward
original interpretations, observations of novel phenomena, and/or outstanding
challenges from both fundamental and applied perspectives, as well as transfer
of fundamental knowledge to practical applications. Contributions that combine
novel characterization techniques, challenging property measurements, and
computational simulations across scales are especially encouraged.
Topics of interest include:
• Nucleation
• Growth
• Melting
• Interfaces and boundaries (solid-liquid, solid-solid, stability,
anisotropy, kinetics,...)
• Pattern formation (cellular, dendritic, eutectic, peritectic,...)
• Fluid flow and gravity effect on microstructure formation and evolution
• Segregation and defects
• In-situ and time-resolved imaging of microstructures
• Theory and modeling across all relevant length scales
• Emerging processing techniques (e.g. additive manufacturing)
• Data-driven methods in solidification science
This is the 3rd International Symposium on Defects and Properties in Cast
Metals sponsored by the Solidification Committee of the TMS MPMD.
Defects generated during the solidification of liquid metals, whether during
primary metal processing, shape casting or additive manufacturing, dramatically
affect the subsequent mechanical and physical properties of the final product.
These defects arise from a range of fundamental mechanisms such as surface
oxidation, entrainment of exogenous materials, dissolved gasses, solidification
shrinkage, unwanted micro-structural phases with detrimental morphologies and
the development of stresses in the solidifying metal resulting in hot tearing
and cracking. In many instances, defects arise from a combination of many
physical processes.
This symposium seeks contributions from all alloys systems, including ferrous,
non-ferrous, super-alloys, and other materials; and from all metals processes,
including: ingot casting, DC casting, foundry/shape casting, die casting,
investment casting, sand-casting, continuous casting of steel, and advanced
solidification processes, such as additive manufacturing.
Topics include measurements and modeling of any phenomena related to casting
defects and properties: liquid metal refining, inclusions and metal
cleanliness; re-oxidation; slag / dross entrainment and fluid flow effects;
surface defects, shrinkage, gas, and porosity problems; segregation (a-, v-,
freckles, inverse, centreline, etc.); hot tearing and other cracks; residual
stresses, distortion, and shape problems; microstructural, precipitate- and
grain defects; in-service properties, such as strength, ductility, toughness,
fatigue, and wear; advanced characterization methods for defect detection, both
online and ex situ sampling methods and modeling.
The objective is to bring together researchers working in diverse fields that
may share common fundamentals and goals, but may not usually collaborate, in
order to stimulate interdisciplinary discussion.